對於患有結核病（TB）的病人，下列哪些行動是必要的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions are necessary for a client with tuberculosis (TB)? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a negative pressure room✓ 正解將病人安置於負壓隔離室
- BEnsure the client wears a surgical mask during transport✓ 正解確保病人在轉運期間佩戴外科口罩
- CHealthcare workers should wear N95 respirators✓ 正解醫護人員應佩戴 N95 呼吸器
- DRoutine cleaning with hospital-grade disinfectant✓ 正解使用醫院級消毒劑常規清潔
- ELimit visitors to family members only僅限家屬探視
核心概念：結核病（Tuberculosis, TB）的傳播預防與隔離措施。 為何正確答案對： A. 負壓隔離室（Negative pressure room）是空氣傳播隔離（Airborne Precautions）的標準配置，能防止結核桿菌等空氣傳播的病原體擴散至病房外。 B. 病人在接受轉運（Transport）時，應佩戴外科口罩（Surgical mask），以減少咳嗽或說話時產生飛沫的傳播。 C. 醫護人員進入病室時，必須穿戴 N95 呼吸器（N95 respirator），以有效過濾空氣中的結核桿菌微粒。 D. 環境清潔（Routine cleaning with hospital-grade disinfectant）雖然是標準感染控制措施，但對於結核病，重點在於空氣傳播的預防。然而，定期清潔消毒環境仍有助於減少病原體在環境中的存活時間，間接有益。 為何其他選項錯： E. 限制訪客（Limit visitors）雖然是考量，但對於預防結核病的空氣傳播，其核心措施是負壓隔離、N95 防護與病人戴口罩，這些生物安全措施的優先級更高。訪客限制是輔助性措施。
Core concept: TB transmission prevention and isolation. A — negative-pressure room is standard for airborne precautions, preventing TB bacilli from spreading. B — clients wear surgical masks during transport to reduce droplet dispersion. C — healthcare workers wear N95 respirators to filter airborne particles. D — routine hospital-grade disinfectant cleaning is standard infection control and indirectly helps. E — visitor restriction is a supportive measure; the core measures are airborne isolation, N95, and patient masking, which take priority over visitor limitations.