護理師在準備輸血時，應採取哪項措施以確保病人安全？
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when preparing to administer a blood transfusion to ensure client safety?
- AStart the transfusion with D5W solution以 D5W 溶液開始輸血
- BVerify the blood product with another licensed nurse✓ 正解由另一位具執照護理師核對血液製品
- CFlush the IV line with heparinized saline before transfusion輸血前以肝素化生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈管路
- DWarm the blood product in a microwave to prevent chills以微波爐加熱血液製品以防止畏寒
輸血屬於高風險醫療程序，最嚴重的併發症為急性溶血性輸血反應（Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction），通常源於輸錯血型。美國護理實務中，必須嚴格執行「雙重核對」（Double-Check）程序，由兩名具備執照的醫護人員（RN/LPN）共同核對病人身分與血袋標籤，這是預防醫療錯誤與確保病人安全的核心護理措施。
Blood transfusion is a high-risk medical procedure; its most severe complication is acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, usually resulting from administration of incompatible blood. In U.S. nursing practice, a strict 'double-check' procedure is required, with two licensed healthcare providers (RN/LPN) jointly verifying the client's identity and blood bag label. This is a core safety measure to prevent medical errors and ensure patient safety.
在美國臨床，輸血前核對必須由兩名具執照人員（License personnel）執行，且通常要求其中一人為 RN。台灣部分醫療院所可能允許一名護理師與一名專責人員核對，但 NCLEX 考題嚴格要求雙重核對機制。