護理師協助病人個人衛生護理時，應遵守哪些原則？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assisting a client with personal hygiene. Which principles should the nurse follow? (Select all that apply.)
- AClean eyes from the inner to outer canthus✓ 正解由內眥向外眥清潔眼睛
- BMaintain privacy by draping the client✓ 正解透過覆蓋病人來維護隱私
- CWash the perineal area from back to front由後向前清潔會陰區域
- DEnsure water temperature is comfortable for the client✓ 正解確保水溫對病人來說舒適
- EUse the same washcloth for all body parts使用同一塊洗布清潔所有身體部位
個人衛生護理（Personal hygiene）是預防感染與促進舒適的基礎護理。關鍵原則包括：清潔順序由「乾淨」往「髒」移動，如眼睛清潔應由內側（眼頭）向外側（眼尾）擦拭，避免分泌物進入淚管；會陰部清潔必須由前向後（尿道向肛門），嚴禁由後向前，以防大腸桿菌造成尿路感染。同時，隱私與水溫確認是護理專業的體現。
Personal hygiene is a foundational nursing care activity that prevents infection and promotes comfort. Key principles include cleaning from the cleanest area toward the dirtiest area—for example, eyes should be cleansed from the inner canthus (medial) to the outer canthus (lateral) to avoid forcing secretions into the lacrimal duct. The perineal area must be cleansed from front to back (urethra toward anus); cleansing from back to front is strictly contraindicated, as it can introduce Escherichia coli and cause urinary tract infection. In addition, maintaining privacy and verifying water temperature reflect nursing professionalism.