— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在引導一位盲人病人熟悉病房環境。哪項護理措施最能促進其獨立性與安全？
A client who is blind is being oriented to their hospital room. Which nursing action best promotes independence and safety?
- ADescribe the room layout using the clock-face method.✓ 正解使用時鐘方位法描述房間佈局。
- BKeep the door partially open at all times.隨時將門半開。
- CPerform all activities of daily living for the client.為病人執行所有日常生活活動。
- DRearrange the furniture to make more walking space.重新擺放傢俱以增加行走空間。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
使用「時鐘方位法」（Clock-face method）可以為視覺障礙者提供具體的空間導向（例如：餐盤 12 點鐘方向是肉），這能極大提升其掌控感與獨立性。不應隨意移動家具（D），因為這會破壞其已建立的心理地圖導致跌倒。門應全開或全關（B），半開最危險。過度代勞（C）會降低病人的自我效能。
The clock-face method provides a consistent spatial reference that helps blind clients orient themselves within the room without relying on moving furniture, which could disrupt their mental map. Keeping the door fully open or closed enhances safety compared to leaving it partially open, and encouraging independence prevents unnecessary dependence.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常強調 ADA（身心障礙者法案）精神，護理考題常出現如何協助身障者達到最大功能。