— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師為病人靜脈輸注 Vancomycin，發現臉部、頸部及上半身潮紅，護理師的首要行動為何？
A nurse is administering IV vancomycin to a client. The nurse observes the client's face, neck, and upper torso becoming flushed. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AIncrease the IV infusion rate增加靜脈輸注速率
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CStop the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
- DSlow the infusion rate✓ 正解減緩輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此為典型的 Vancomycin 紅人症（Red Man Syndrome），源於藥物輸注過快導致組織胺釋放。處置方式為減緩輸注速度即可緩解，並非嚴重的過敏性休克，無需立即停藥或給予抗組織胺，除非症狀嚴重或伴隨血壓降低。
This is the classic presentation of vancomycin Red Man Syndrome, caused by histamine release from an excessively rapid infusion. The management is simply to slow the infusion rate, which usually relieves symptoms. It is not a severe anaphylactic reaction, so it does not require immediately stopping the medication or giving an antihistamine, unless symptoms are severe or accompanied by hypotension.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣與美國對於紅人症的處置皆強調減速並觀察，而非直接視為過敏反應停藥。