— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師欲靜脈推注(Bolus/Push)氯化鉀。為避免心臟停搏,安全輸注速率限制為何?
A nurse is administering an IV bolus of potassium chloride. What is the maximum safe rate of infusion to prevent cardiac arrest?
- A50 mEq/hour50 mEq/小時
- B20 mEq/hour20 mEq/小時
- C10 mEq/hour✓ 正解10 mEq/小時
- D100 mEq/hour100 mEq/小時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀絕對禁止直接靜脈推注(IV Push)。若需透過周邊靜脈點滴輸注,速率通常不可超過 10-20 mEq/hour,且需稀釋。在一般的病房給藥標準中,不超過 10 mEq/hour 是最安全的選擇,過快會導致高血鉀引發致命性心律不整。
Potassium chloride must never be administered by direct IV push. When infused via a peripheral IV line, the rate generally must not exceed 10-20 mEq/hour, and it must be diluted. For standard medication administration on a general ward, not exceeding 10 mEq/hour is the safest option, as a faster rate may cause hyperkalemia and trigger fatal dysrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均嚴格遵循 KCl 不可 IV Push 的絕對原則。美國多使用 Smart Pump 自動鎖定速率,台灣亦逐漸推廣。