— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些評估發現顯示病人對靜脈注射盤尼西林產生過敏反應?(選所有適合的)
Which assessment findings indicate that a client is experiencing an allergic reaction to IV penicillin? (Select all that apply.)
- AUrticaria✓ 正解蕁麻疹
- BWheezing✓ 正解喘鳴
- CPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- DHypertension高血壓
- ELaryngeal edema✓ 正解喉頭水腫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
盤尼西林可能引起第一型過敏反應(過敏性休克)。蕁麻疹(Urticaria)、搔癢(Pruritus)屬於皮膚症狀;喘鳴(Wheezing)與喉頭水腫(Laryngeal edema)則代表呼吸道受阻,危及生命。高血壓並非過敏常見症狀,過敏反應通常引起低血壓與血管擴張。
Penicillin can trigger a type I hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis). Urticaria and pruritus are skin manifestations; wheezing and laryngeal edema indicate airway compromise and are life-threatening. Hypertension is not a common feature of allergic reactions, which typically cause hypotension and vasodilation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師對 anaphylaxis 的緊急給藥(Epinephrine)有較高獨立執行權;台灣護理師通常需醫師簽署急救醫囑,或遵循醫院急救流程。