— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位患有開放性肺結核（TB）的病人，採取空氣隔離措施時最重要的項目為何？
A nurse is caring for a client with active tuberculosis (TB). Which intervention is most critical for airborne precautions?
- ADisposing of contaminated linens in a red biohazard bag將受污染的床單丟入紅色生物危害袋。
- BPlacing the client in a negative-pressure room✓ 正解將個案安置於負壓病房。
- CWearing a surgical mask when entering the room進入病房時佩戴外科口罩。
- DImplementing strict hand hygiene before donning gloves戴手套前嚴格執行手部衛生。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（TB）屬於空氣傳播疾病，病原體可懸浮於空氣中長達數小時並隨氣流擴散。空氣隔離（Airborne Precautions）的核心目標是攔截飛沫核（droplet nuclei）並防止其擴散至公共區域。負壓隔離病房（AIIR）透過持續抽排空氣並經由高效微粒空氣（HEPA）過濾器處理，能有效降低病室內空氣中的菌量，是保護醫護人員與其他病人的首要防線。
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease; pathogens can remain suspended in air for hours and spread on air currents. The core goal of airborne precautions is to contain droplet nuclei and prevent their spread. A negative-pressure isolation room (AIIR) continuously exhausts air through HEPA filters, lowering airborne bacterial load in the room and protecting staff and other patients.