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安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ

一位病人執行空氣傳播隔離(Airborne Precautions)。護理師進入病房時必須配戴哪項防護裝備?

A client is placed on airborne precautions. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory for the nurse to wear?

  • AN95 respirator✓ 正解
    N95 呼吸防護器
  • BGoggles
    護目鏡
  • CShoe covers
    鞋套
  • DSurgical mask
    外科口罩
Explanation · 中文詳解

空氣傳播隔離(Airborne Precautions)適用於病原體能長時間懸浮於空氣中的疾病(如結核病、麻疹、水痘)。由於這些病原體微粒極小,一般外科口罩無法提供足夠的過濾效能。N95 呼吸防護器(N95 respirator)經過特殊設計,能過濾至少 95% 的微小顆粒,是進入空氣傳播隔離病房時強制規定的防護裝備。

Airborne precautions are used for diseases whose pathogens can remain suspended in the air for long periods (such as tuberculosis, measles, varicella). Because the pathogen particles are extremely small, a standard surgical mask cannot provide adequate filtration. An N95 respirator is specifically designed to filter at least 95% of small particles and is mandatory PPE when entering an airborne-isolation room.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國醫院對於 N95 的使用有嚴格的「密合度測試」(Fit testing)規定,護理師每年需定期進行測試,以確保口罩與臉部完全密合。

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