護理師準備輸血，哪項措施對於預防輸血反應最為關鍵？
A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. Which action is the most critical for preventing a transfusion reaction?
- AVerifying patient identity with two identifiers at the bedside✓ 正解在床邊以兩項識別符號驗證病人身份
- BChecking the blood type on the label only僅檢查血袋標籤上的血型
- CStarting the transfusion at a rapid rate以快速速率開始輸血
- DWarming the blood in a microwave以微波爐加熱血液
輸血反應中最致命的類型為「急性溶血性輸血反應（Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction）」，其核心原因在於 ABO 血型不合，通常源於護理過程中的人為辨識錯誤。根據護理安全守則，在給予任何輸血產品前，必須嚴格執行「雙人核對（Double Check）」，並在床邊親自確認病人的身份。此步驟是預防輸血錯誤的最後一道防線，優先級最高，直接關乎病人的生命安全。
The most lethal type of transfusion reaction is acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, with its core cause being ABO incompatibility usually arising from human identification errors in the nursing process. Per nursing safety guidelines, before administering any blood product, a double-check at the bedside with two patient identifiers must be performed. This is the final line of defense against transfusion errors and the highest priority directly related to patient safety.
在美國臨床，輸血必須由兩名合格護理師（或一名護理師與一名有執照的輸血技術員）在床邊進行雙人核對。台灣部分醫院亦有此規定，但美國對於流程的規範（Policy）極為嚴格，若未進行床邊雙人核對而導致輸血錯誤，將被視為嚴重的「Sentinel Event（哨兵事件）」。