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降低風險 · EASY · MCQ

護理師正在照護一名 6小時前剛接受甲狀腺切除術的病人。病人主訴手指尖及嘴唇周圍有刺痛感。護理師應優先查看哪項實驗室檢查結果?

A nurse is caring for a client who underwent a thyroidectomy 6 hours ago. The client reports a tingling sensation in the fingertips and around the mouth. Which laboratory result should the nurse prioritize reviewing?

  • ASerum potassium level
    血清鉀濃度
  • BSerum magnesium level
    血清鎂濃度
  • CSerum calcium level✓ 正解
    血清鈣濃度
  • DSerum sodium level
    血清鈉濃度
Explanation · 中文詳解

甲狀腺切除術後最常見且具潛在危險的併發症之一是誤傷副甲狀腺,導致副甲狀腺素(PTH)分泌不足,進而引發低血鈣。刺痛感(麻木感,Paresthesia)是低血鈣的早期典型徵象,若不處理可能演變成手足搐搦(Tetany)、喉部痙攣甚至癲癇發作。此時護理師應立即評估鈣離子數值,並觀察是否有 Chvostek's sign 或 Trousseau's sign。心臟監測也是必要的,因為低血鈣會延長 QT 間期。及早發現低血鈣能預防呼吸道受阻的致命風險,這是術後安全管理的關鍵。

Accidental damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy can lead to hypocalcemia, which typically presents early as tingling sensations around the mouth and fingertips. The nurse should prioritize reviewing serum calcium levels to assess for this complication, as untreated hypocalcemia can progress to tetany, laryngospasm, or seizures.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國護理實務中,術後低血鈣的監測通常有標準化的 Protocol(如術後 6-12 小時抽 iCa)。台灣護理師則多依醫囑抽血,但在臨床上對於 Chvostek/Trousseau 徵象的床邊評估落實度兩地皆高。美國強調護理師在發現症狀時能依 Protocol 預先給予口服鈣片或靜脈鈣劑,台灣則需先通報住院醫師再執行給藥處置。

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