— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
哪些評估結果顯示病人正出現 furosemide 的不良反應？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of furosemide? (Select all that apply.)
- ASerum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鉀濃度 3.0 mEq/L
- BReports of muscle weakness✓ 正解主訴肌肉無力
- CIncreased blood pressure血壓升高
- DPresence of cardiac arrhythmias✓ 正解出現心律不整
- ESerum creatinine of 0.8 mg/dL血清肌酸酐 0.8 mg/dL
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 為環利尿劑，會促進鉀離子隨尿液大量排出，導致低血鉀。低血鉀表現包括肌肉無力（Muscle weakness）及心律不整（Arrhythmias）。選項 A（3.0 mEq/L）屬於低血鉀，選項 E（肌酸酐 0.8）在正常範圍內，選項 C（血壓增加）與此藥導致低血壓之預期效果不符。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes substantial urinary potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. Manifestations of hypokalemia include muscle weakness and arrhythmias. Option A (3.0 mEq/L) is hypokalemia; option E (creatinine 0.8) is within normal range; option C (increased blood pressure) is inconsistent with the expected hypotensive effect of the drug.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常需依據電解質數值評估是否給藥；台灣醫師較常開立醫囑規定數值範圍，護理師依醫囑執行。