病人使用 PCA（病人自控止痛幫浦）時，出現何種徵兆需要立即介入？（選所有適合的）
Which signs indicate a need for immediate intervention in a patient with a PCA pump? (Select all that apply.)
- ARespiratory rate of 8 breaths/min✓ 正解呼吸頻率為每分鐘 8 次
- BOxygen saturation of 89%✓ 正解血氧飽和度 89%
- CPatient reports pain as 2/10病人報告疼痛指數為 2/10
- DSedation score of 4 on a 0-4 scale✓ 正解鎮靜評分為 4（滿分 4 分）
- EHeart rate of 80 bpm心率為每分鐘 80 次
PCA 幫浦使用時，護理師必須嚴密監控病人的呼吸狀態。阿片類藥物（Opioids）的主要致死性副作用是呼吸抑制。當呼吸速率過慢、氧飽和度下降及出現過度鎮靜（Sedation level 4 代表病人難以喚醒）時，代表病人已出現藥物中毒徵兆，必須立即採取停止給藥、維持呼吸道通暢、給予氧氣並考慮使用 Naloxone 拮抗。
While a PCA pump is in use, the nurse must closely monitor the client's respiratory status. The main life-threatening adverse effect of opioids is respiratory depression. When the respiratory rate decreases, oxygen saturation drops, and excessive sedation is present (sedation level 4 indicates that the client is difficult to arouse), these findings signal opioid toxicity, and the nurse must immediately stop the medication, maintain a patent airway, administer oxygen, and consider naloxone as an antagonist.