一位病人預定進行選擇性手術。病人告訴護理師：「我不太確定醫師到底要做什麼，但我還是簽了同意書。」護理師應採取哪項行動？
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an elective surgery. The client tells the nurse, 'I am not really sure what the surgeon is going to do, but I signed the form anyway.' Which action should the nurse take?
- ANotify the surgeon that the client does not fully understand the procedure✓ 正解通知外科醫師，表示病人並未完全了解手術程序
- BReview the surgical procedure and its risks with the client與病人回顧手術程序及其風險
- CDocument that the client signed the consent form and proceed with preoperative care記錄病人已簽署同意書，並繼續進行術前護理
- DReassure the client that the surgeon is highly skilled and experienced安撫病人，表示外科醫師技術高超且經驗豐富
知情同意（Informed Consent）的法律與倫理責任在於醫療執行者（通常是醫師）。護理師在知情同意過程中的角色是「見證者」（Witness），確認簽署者具備能力、是自願簽名，且是本人簽名。當病人表達出對手術內容不解時，表示知情同意的過程是不完整的。護理師的專業職責是「病人代言人」（Advocate），必須介入以確保病人的權利。護理師不能親自解釋手術風險與益處（這是選項 B 的錯誤，因為這超出了護理實踐範疇），也不能敷衍（選項 D），更不能視而不見（選項 C）。正確的做法是暫停程序，並通知醫師回病房重新解釋，直到病人確認完全理解為止。
The legal and ethical responsibility for informed consent belongs to the provider performing the procedure (usually the surgeon). The nurse's role is that of a witness—confirming capacity, voluntariness, and identity. When the client expresses lack of understanding of the procedure, the informed consent process is incomplete. The nurse's professional duty is to act as a patient advocate to safeguard the client's rights. The nurse cannot personally explain surgical risks and benefits (which is why option B is wrong—this exceeds nursing scope), cannot offer empty reassurance (D), and cannot ignore the issue (C). The correct action is to halt the process and notify the surgeon to return and re-explain until the client confirms full understanding.
在美國，Informed Consent 的法律責任界定極其嚴格，護理師僅見證簽名，絕不代為解釋手術細節。在台灣，有時醫師解釋完後，護理師會被要求補充說明或再次核對，雖角色相似，但台灣病人家屬常具備強大決策權，護理師常需在中介角色中花費更多精力確保病人本人與家屬都同意。