— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列護理師的哪幾項行為展現了與哀傷病人的治療性溝通？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by a nurse demonstrate therapeutic communication with a grieving client? (Select all that apply.)
- ASitting quietly with the client to show presence✓ 正解安靜地坐在病人身邊以表示陪伴
- BOffering platitudes like 'Everything happens for a reason'提供諸如『凡事必有原因』之類的陳腔濫調
- CUsing open-ended questions to encourage expression✓ 正解使用開放式問題以鼓勵表達
- DAvoiding the topic of the loss to prevent crying迴避喪失話題以防止哭泣
- EValidating the client's feelings of sadness and anger✓ 正解確認病人悲傷和憤怒的感受
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療性溝通重點在於「同理」與「傾聽」。沉默陪伴能給予安全空間，開放性問題引導病人抒發，接納其複雜情緒（如憤怒與哀傷）是支持歷程的一部分。陳腔濫調會阻斷溝通，而規避喪失的話題則顯示護理師缺乏處理哀傷的自信，均非合適做法。
Therapeutic communication centers on empathy and active listening. Silent presence offers a safe space, open-ended questions invite expression, and validating complex emotions (such as anger and sadness) supports the grieving process. Platitudes block communication, and avoiding the topic of loss reflects discomfort with grief work—neither is appropriate.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理教育極度強調同理心與治療性溝通技巧；台灣教育雖包含此內容，但臨床忙碌時常被簡化為任務導向。