一位 25 歲廣泛性焦慮症病史的個案，主訴持續擔憂與肌肉緊張。護理師應優先採取哪項介入措施？
A 25-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic with reports of constant worry and muscle tension. Which intervention is the priority for the nurse?
- ARefer the client to a psychiatrist轉介個案至精神科醫師
- BTeach the client deep breathing exercises✓ 正解教導個案深呼吸練習
- CAdminister anxiolytic medication給予抗焦慮藥物
- DEncourage the client to avoid all stressors鼓勵個案避免所有壓力源
針對焦慮症狀，首要目標是協助個案緩解生理與心理的不適。深呼吸練習是一種即時且易於執行的放鬆技術，能降低交感神經活性。轉介精神科或給藥雖為治療的一部分，但需醫療決策；完全避免壓力源在現實中不可行，應指導個案學習因應技巧。
The priority intervention is to teach deep breathing exercises because it provides immediate physiological relaxation by reducing sympathetic nervous system activity. While psychiatric referral and medication are part of long-term management, they require provider orders or are not as immediately accessible for symptom relief. Encouraging avoidance of all stressors is unrealistic and does not promote effective coping skills.
美國護理師在心理衛生初級照護中角色較主動，台灣則依賴身心科醫師診斷與開藥，護理諮商角色尚在發展中。