— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
護理師需安排多位病人的床位，哪些病人應優先安排至單人病房？（選所有適合的）
The nurse is preparing to care for multiple clients. Which of the following clients should be assigned to a private room? (Select all that apply.)
- AA client with disseminated herpes zoster✓ 正解患有播散性帶狀皰疹的病患
- BA client with a positive Mantoux test but no symptoms曼圖氏試驗陽性但無症狀的病患
- CA client with suspected measles (rubeola)✓ 正解疑似麻疹（德國麻疹）的病患
- DA client with Clostridium difficile infection✓ 正解患有艰难梭菌感染的病患
- EA client with a surgical wound needing dressing change需要更換手術傷口敷料的病患
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
傳染病控制中，需單人隔離（Cohort 或 Private）的條件為：具有空氣傳播風險（如瀰漫性帶狀皰疹、麻疹）或高度抗藥性及環境汙染風險（如 C. diff）。Latent TB（選項 B）無傳染力；單純傷口換藥（選項 E）無需單人隔離，採標準防護即可。
Conditions warranting a private room (or cohort) include those with airborne transmission risk (disseminated zoster, measles) or high resistance and environmental contamination potential (e.g., C. difficile). Latent TB (B) is not contagious; routine wound dressing change (E) requires only standard precautions, not isolation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於 C. diff 的環境消毒與隔離極為嚴謹；台灣對於這類感染同樣要求加強接觸隔離。