— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
下列何者被視為約束?
Which of the following is considered a restraint?
- AA nightlight夜燈
- BA soft pillow near the client靠近病人的軟枕頭
- CFour raised side rails✓ 正解四個升起的床欄
- DA walker for mobility助行器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
約束(Restraint)的定義不僅限於肢體束縛,任何限制病人自由移動或阻礙其離開床位的行為都屬於約束。拉起全部四個床欄(Four side rails)若病人無法自行放下,會被視為限制其活動自由,屬於醫療約束。臨床上,使用床欄應審慎評估,若目的是為了安全(防跌),應儘量減少床欄數量或使用其他替代方案。
A restraint is not limited to physical binding; any device that restricts a client's freedom of movement or ability to leave the bed qualifies. Raising all four side rails when the client cannot lower them is considered a restraint. Side rails should be used cautiously; if used for fall prevention, the number raised should be minimized or alternatives used.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於「約束」的定義極為嚴格(CMS 規範),甚至包含「背心式約束」或「手套式約束」。護理師必須了解,若未經醫師評估與醫囑而擅自拉起四個床欄,可能被視為非法約束(False imprisonment)。