護理師對新診斷高血壓的個案進行出院指導。應強調哪些飲食調整？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which dietary modifications should the nurse emphasize? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods like bananas✓ 正解增加攝取富含鉀的食物，如香蕉
- BLimit sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量限制在每天 2,300 mg 以下
- CConsume at least 3 servings of whole grains daily✓ 正解每天至少攝取 3 份全穀類
- DAvoid all fats in the diet避免飲食中攝取所有脂肪
- EIncrease the consumption of fruits and vegetables✓ 正解增加水果和蔬菜的攝取量
高血壓飲食調整以 DASH 飲食為基礎，強調高鉀、高鎂、高纖維的蔬菜與水果，同時限制鈉攝取量至每日 2300 毫克以下（更嚴格可至 1500 毫克）。全穀類提供豐富纖維，對心血管健康有益。D 選項錯誤：應攝取「健康脂肪」（如不飽和脂肪），而非全面禁止所有油脂，油脂對於脂溶性維生素吸收及細胞功能仍有其必要性。
Dietary management of hypertension is based on the DASH diet, which emphasizes fruits and vegetables high in potassium, magnesium, and fiber, while limiting sodium intake to less than 2300 mg per day (or, more strictly, 1500 mg per day). Whole grains provide abundant fiber and are beneficial to cardiovascular health. Option D is incorrect: clients should consume 'healthy fats' (such as unsaturated fats) rather than eliminate all fats, because dietary fats are still necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and for cellular function.
美國 DASH 飲食推廣非常成熟，台灣則有類似的「三低一高」飲食建議，但在外食比例極高的台灣，低鈉目標較難達成。