— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
社區護理師在化工廠爆炸現場進行檢傷分類。哪位受害者應被標註為「紅標」？
A community health nurse is triaging victims at the scene of a chemical plant explosion. Which victim should be assigned a 'red tag'?
- AA victim with a fractured arm and minor abrasions who is walking around手臂骨折且有輕微擦傷但能走動的受害者
- BA victim with abdominal pain and stable vital signs腹部疼痛且生命徵象穩定的受害者
- CA victim with a large head wound who is unresponsive and not breathing頭部有大傷口且無反應、無呼吸的受害者
- DA victim with severe burns over 20% of the body and an obstructed airway✓ 正解身體20%面積嚴重燒燙傷且呼吸道阻塞的受害者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
大量傷患檢傷分類 (START Triage)。紅標（Immediate）代表有立即生命威脅但經處置可存活者，如呼吸道阻塞、大出血。A（無呼吸）為黑標；B（行走輕傷）為綠標；D（腹痛穩定）為黃標。C 的呼吸道問題必須立即解決。
Mass-casualty triage (START Triage). A red tag (Immediate) indicates a victim with an immediate life-threatening condition who can survive with intervention, such as airway obstruction or massive hemorrhage. Option C (apneic) is a black tag; Option A (walking minor injury) is a green tag; Option B (abdominal pain with stable vital signs) is a yellow tag. The airway problem in Option D must be addressed immediately.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台兩地在大量傷患檢傷 (Triage) 均廣泛採用 START 系統，紅黃綠黑的定義完全一致。