護理師在處理尖銳物品時，應採取哪些措施以預防針扎傷害？（選所有適合的）
Which actions should the nurse take to prevent needle-stick injuries when handling sharps? (Select all that apply.)
- ARecap needles immediately after use using one hand使用單手技術立即回套針頭
- BDispose of needles directly into a puncture-resistant container✓ 正解將針頭直接丟入防穿刺容器
- CKeep fingers away from the opening of the sharps container✓ 正解手指遠離尖銳物容器的開口
- DActivate safety mechanisms on needles immediately after injection✓ 正解注射後立即啟動針頭安全機制
- EUse needleless systems whenever possible✓ 正解盡可能使用無針系統
針扎預防的核心原則是「不回套」與「使用安全裝置」。現代安全針具應在給藥後即刻啟動安全機制，並直接丟棄至抗穿刺容器，避免手部接觸開口。不建議回套針頭，若必須回套，應採取單手回套法，但在NCLEX考題中，選項A仍常被視為高風險行為，建議一律不回套。
The core principles of needlestick prevention are "do not recap" and "use safety devices." Modern safety needles should have their safety mechanism activated immediately after injection, and the needle should be disposed of directly into a puncture-resistant container, avoiding any hand contact with the opening. Recapping is not recommended; if it must be done, a one-handed recapping technique should be used. However, in NCLEX questions, option A is still typically considered a high-risk behavior, and not recapping at all is recommended.
台美均推行安全針具。美國 OSHA 規定極為嚴格，違規罰則高，台灣則推動品質指標監測針扎率，兩者目標一致。