護理師衛教病人關於肌肉拉傷的冷熱療法。哪些敘述顯示病人已理解教學內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about heat and cold therapy for muscle strains. Which statements indicate that the client understands the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AI will apply ice for 30 minutes every hour我會每小時冰敷30分鐘
- BI will use a thin towel to wrap the ice pack✓ 正解我會用薄毛巾包裹冰袋
- CI should use heat therapy during the first 24 hours of injury我應該在受傷後的前24小時使用熱療
- DI will remove the heat pack if my skin becomes red or painful✓ 正解如果我的皮膚變紅或疼痛，我會移除熱敷包
- EI should limit cold applications to 15-20 minutes at a time✓ 正解我應該將每次冷敷時間限制在15-20分鐘
冷熱療法在急性期與慢性期有別。急性期（前24-48小時）應冷敷以減少血管擴張與腫脹。冰敷過久（A）會造成局部凍傷，故需適時移除。熱療法在急性期會加重出血。使用毛巾阻隔是為了防止皮膚直接受損，若出現皮膚反應需立即停止。
Heat and cold therapy differ between the acute and chronic phases. In the acute phase (first 24-48 hours), cold should be applied to reduce vasodilation and swelling. Excessive icing (A) causes local frostbite, so it must be removed at appropriate intervals. Heat therapy during the acute phase worsens bleeding. Using a towel as a barrier prevents direct skin injury; if skin reactions occur, treatment must be stopped immediately.
美國衛教通常會提供紙本或影像參考；台灣多由護理師口頭衛教，病人常易混淆冷熱敷使用時機。