一名 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，出現心跳加速、顫抖及強烈的瀕死感。護理師應優先採取的介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid heart rate, tremors, and a sense of impending doom. Which intervention is the nurse’s priority?
- ATeach deep breathing exercises教導深呼吸運動
- BEncourage the client to discuss the source of anxiety鼓勵病人討論焦慮來源
- CAdminister PRN anxiolytic medication給予備用 (PRN) 抗焦慮藥物
- DProvide a calm, quiet, and low-stimulation environment✓ 正解提供安靜、平靜且低刺激的環境
當個案處於急性焦慮發作（如瀕死感、顫抖）時，護理師的首要任務是「安全」與「環境調整」。過多的刺激（聲音、光線、人群）會讓個案的神經系統更難以冷靜。提供低刺激環境（Low-stimulation environment）能減少個案的感官負荷，創造一個安全空間，這是執行後續治療（如深呼吸教學或給藥）的前提。
When a client is in an acute anxiety episode (with symptoms such as a sense of impending doom and tremors), the nurse's priority is 'safety' and 'environmental modification.' Excessive stimulation (noise, light, crowds) makes it more difficult for the client's nervous system to calm down. Providing a low-stimulation environment reduces sensory load and creates a safe space, which is a prerequisite for subsequent interventions (such as teaching deep breathing or administering medication).