當住院個案發生恐慌發作時，下列哪些護理介入是適當的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate when a client in the hospital is experiencing a panic attack? (Select all that apply.)
- AStay with the client in a calm manner✓ 正解以平靜的方式陪伴個案
- BSpeak in short, simple sentences✓ 正解使用簡短、簡單的句子說話
- CExplain the biological reason for the panic attack解釋恐慌發作的生物學原因
- DPlace the client in a quiet, low-stimulus room✓ 正解將個案安置於安靜、低刺激的房間
- EEncourage the client to take deep, rapid breaths鼓勵個案進行快速深呼吸
恐慌發作（Panic attack）時，個案常處於高度焦慮與瀕死感中，認知功能顯著受損。護理介入應以降低刺激、提供安全感與穩定情緒為主。護理師應保持鎮定並陪伴個案，溝通需簡短明確，避免過多資訊造成認知負荷。將個案移至低刺激環境有助於降低焦慮水平，教導深呼吸應為緩慢且平穩的腹式呼吸，而非快速呼吸，以免加重過度換氣。
During a panic attack, the client typically experiences extreme anxiety and a sense of impending doom, with markedly impaired cognitive function. Nursing interventions should focus on reducing stimulation, providing safety, and stabilizing emotion. The nurse should remain calm and stay with the client, communicate in short, clear sentences, and avoid overloading the client with information. Moving the client to a low-stimulus environment helps lower anxiety, while breathing techniques should emphasize slow, even diaphragmatic breathing rather than rapid breaths to prevent worsening hyperventilation.