護理長正在分配病房護理任務。哪一位病人最適合分配給剛取得執照的新進護理師照顧？
A charge nurse is planning assignments for a medical-surgical unit. Which client is most appropriate to assign to a newly licensed nurse?
- AA client requiring frequent dressing changes for a complex stage IV pressure ulcer需要經常為複雜的第四期壓瘡更換敷料的病人
- BA client experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal requiring frequent neurological assessment經歷急性酒精戒斷且需要頻繁神經學評估的病人
- CA client with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia who is stable and requires oral antibiotics✓ 正解主要診斷為肺炎且狀況穩定，需要口服抗生素的病人
- DA client diagnosed with unstable angina who requires continuous telemetry monitoring診斷為不穩定型心絞痛且需要連續心電圖監測的病人
護理分配的基本原則是將穩定、可預測的病人分配給新進或經驗較少的護理師，以確保病人安全。肺炎病人的狀況通常較為穩定，其照護重點在於給藥、水分補充及生命徵象監測，這些屬於常規護理範圍。其他選項：第四期壓瘡護理需要高度臨床判斷與傷口評估能力（A）；不穩定心絞痛隨時可能惡化為心肌梗塞，需具備判斷心電圖與急性介入能力（D）；酒精戒斷則因可能出現瞻妄，需頻繁且精準的意識評估，這對臨床經驗不足者風險較高（B）。因此，穩定狀態的肺炎病人最適合新進人員進行基礎護理實作與學習。
The basic principle of assignment is to assign stable, predictable patients to newly hired or less experienced nurses to ensure patient safety. Patients with pneumonia are usually relatively stable, and their care focuses on medication administration, fluid replacement, and vital sign monitoring — all routine nursing activities. The other options: stage IV pressure ulcer care requires highly developed clinical judgment and wound assessment skills (A); unstable angina may deteriorate at any time into myocardial infarction, requiring the ability to interpret ECGs and perform acute interventions (D); alcohol withdrawal may produce delirium and requires frequent, precise neurological assessment, which is risky for an inexperienced nurse (B). Therefore, a stable pneumonia patient is the most appropriate assignment for a new nurse to practice fundamental nursing care and learn.
美國醫院常見護理師分級制（如 preceptor 制度），新進人員通常先負責穩定病人；台灣醫院因人力比嚴峻，新進人員往往需在短時間內獨立照顧各類病人，但仍傾向將複雜度高的病人留給資深學姊。