一位護理師正在照護一位接受化學治療的病人。哪項措施對預防感染最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which intervention is most important for preventing infection?
- AEncourage the client to eat a high-protein diet.鼓勵病人攝取高蛋白飲食
- BProvide a private room for the client.為病人提供單人病房
- CAdminister prophylactic antibiotics.給予預防性抗生素
- DMaintain strict hand hygiene.✓ 正解維持嚴格之手部衛生
化療病人常伴隨中性球減少症（Neutropenia），導致免疫力顯著下降。根據感染控制準則，手部衛生（Hand hygiene）是預防醫院感染（Healthcare-associated infections, HAIs）最簡單、有效且成本最低的措施。護理師必須執行五大時刻手部衛生，這能有效中斷病原體的傳播路徑，保護免疫脆弱的病人不受環境中細菌的侵害。
Patients receiving chemotherapy commonly develop neutropenia, resulting in significantly reduced immune function. According to infection control guidelines, hand hygiene is the simplest, most effective, and lowest-cost measure to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The nurse must adhere to the five moments of hand hygiene, which effectively interrupts pathogen transmission and protects immunocompromised patients from environmental organisms.
美國醫院極度強調手部衛生的 Compliance（遵循度），常有秘密稽核員（Secret Shopper）評估護理師是否落實，違規者會被嚴格糾正。