— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
一位禁食等待手術的病人主訴口腔極度乾燥。護理師應執行哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. The client reports extreme dry mouth. Which intervention is appropriate?
- AEncourage the client to chew gum to stimulate saliva鼓勵客戶咀嚼口香糖以刺激唾液分泌
- BApply lubricant to the lips and provide oral swabs✓ 正解在嘴唇上塗抹潤滑劑並提供口腔棉棒
- CProvide ice chips for the client to suck on提供冰塊讓客戶含吮
- DOffer sips of water to rinse the mouth提供少量水讓客戶漱口
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
禁食（NPO）的目的是維持胃部排空，以降低麻醉誘導期間發生吸入性肺炎（Aspiration Pneumonia）的風險。任何形式的攝入，包括冰塊或水，都會刺激胃酸分泌並增加胃內容物，違反手術前安全標準。護理師應透過非侵入性、非攝入性的方式緩解病人的不適，以維持病人舒適度（Comfort）與手術安全（Safety）之間的平衡。
The purpose of NPO status is to maintain gastric emptying in order to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia during induction of anesthesia. Any form of intake, including ice chips or water, stimulates gastric acid secretion and increases gastric contents, violating preoperative safety standards. The nurse should relieve the patient's discomfort using non-invasive, non-intake measures to balance patient comfort with surgical safety.