— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位病人疑似罹患腦膜炎，護理師應採取哪些防護措施？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with suspected meningitis. Which precautions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a negative-pressure room將病人安置於負壓病房
- BWear a surgical mask when entering the room✓ 正解進入病房時佩戴外科口罩
- CPlace the client on droplet precautions✓ 正解對病人實施飛沫隔離措施
- DEnsure the client wears a mask during transport✓ 正解確保病人於轉運期間佩戴口罩
- ELimit visitors to those older than 18 years將訪客限制為年滿 18 歲以上者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
腦膜炎（尤其是腦膜炎雙球菌）是透過飛沫傳染，應採取飛沫隔離（Droplet precautions）。護理師進入病室需佩戴口罩；若病人需離開病室檢查，病人亦需佩戴口罩；環境部分則不需要負壓隔離（負壓是針對空氣傳染，如肺結核）。
Meningitis—particularly meningococcal—spreads via droplets, requiring droplet precautions. The nurse wears a surgical mask when entering the room; the client also wears a mask during transport. Negative-pressure isolation is not required (that is for airborne diseases such as TB).
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對隔離規格管控極嚴（依 CDC 指引），台灣在病室調度上較常因病床擁擠而採取病室內分區隔離。