— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人被診斷為流行性感冒。護理師應執行哪種類型的傳播防護措施？
A client is diagnosed with influenza. Which type of transmission-based precautions should the nurse implement?
- AContact precautions接觸防護
- BProtective isolation保護性隔離
- CDroplet precautions✓ 正解飛沫防護
- DAirborne precautions空氣防護
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
流行性感冒主要透過飛沫傳播（Droplet transmission），即病人咳嗽、打噴嚏或說話時產生的較大飛沫粒子（直徑 > 5 微米）。這些粒子通常無法在空氣中長距離懸浮，通常在 3-6 英尺（約 1-2 公尺）內沉降。因此，針對流感病人應實施飛沫隔離措施，包括醫護人員進入房間時配戴外科口罩，並限制病人移動。
Influenza is transmitted primarily by large respiratory droplets (>5 micrometers) generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking. These droplets travel only short distances (3-6 feet). Droplet precautions, including a surgical mask for staff entering the room and limiting patient movement, are appropriate for influenza.