— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人使用靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。下列哪些症狀會讓護理師懷疑發生紅人症候群？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous Vancomycin. Which symptoms would cause the nurse to suspect Red Man Syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- CWheezing and dyspnea喘鳴與呼吸困難
- DPruritus of the upper body✓ 正解上半身搔癢
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組胺釋放反應。典型表現為頭部、頸部與上軀幹潮紅、瘙癢、低血壓及心跳過快。與過敏反應不同的是，其呼吸道症狀（喘鳴）較少見，且可透過降低輸注速度改善。
Red Man Syndrome is a histamine release reaction triggered by rapid infusion of vancomycin. Classic manifestations include flushing of the head, neck, and upper trunk, pruritus, hypotension, and tachycardia. Unlike a true anaphylactic reaction, respiratory symptoms such as wheezing are uncommon, and the reaction typically improves when the infusion rate is slowed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆規定萬古黴素滴注時間至少 60 分鐘以上，以預防此類反應。