— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備執行化學治療給藥，哪些防護措施是標準的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer chemotherapy. Which precautions are standard? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear double gloves and a chemo-approved gown✓ 正解戴雙層手套並穿著經認可之化療防護衣
- BUse a closed-system transfer device✓ 正解使用封閉式輸送裝置
- CPlace a sign on the door warning of chemo exposure在門上張貼警告化療暴露之標示
- DDispose of materials in a yellow 'cytotoxic' waste container✓ 正解將材料丟棄於黃色『細胞毒性』廢棄物容器
- EEnsure the IV line is patent with blood return before starting✓ 正解開始前確保靜脈管路暢通且有回血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
化療藥具致癌性與毒性，護理師需穿戴符合規範的防護衣物（雙層手套與防護衣）。使用封閉式傳輸裝置可減少外洩。廢棄物應丟入細胞毒性專用容器。給藥前必須確認管路通暢且有回血，以防血管外滲（Extravasation）。門上警示非全球統一規定，依據機構規範而定，通常包含在安全管理內。
Chemotherapy agents are hazardous, requiring nurses to wear double gloves and a chemo-approved gown to prevent skin contact. Using a closed-system transfer device minimizes the risk of aerosolization and spills during preparation. Materials must be disposed of in designated cytotoxic waste containers, and the IV line must be confirmed patent with blood return prior to administration to prevent extravasation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國化療給藥規範（如 ONS 標準）極為嚴格；台灣醫院亦遵循 ONS 規範，但在廢棄物處理標示上略有差異。