— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
病人正在進行全靜脈營養（TPN）輸注，護理計劃應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時監測血糖
- BChange the TPN tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每 24 小時更換 TPN 管路
- CWeigh the client daily✓ 正解每日稱量體重
- DUse an infusion pump for administration✓ 正解使用輸注幫浦進行給藥
- EAdminister extra IV fluids if the bag runs empty若輸液袋空瓶，給予額外靜脈輸液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
TPN 含高糖份，需監測血糖。因營養液易滋生細菌，管路需每日更換。體重是評估營養狀態的指標。必須使用輸液幫浦確保速度精準。若 TP 營養液用罄，應改給予 10% Dextrose 以防反彈性低血糖，而非隨意給予其他 IV fluids。
TPN solutions contain high glucose concentrations, necessitating regular blood glucose monitoring to detect hyperglycemia. Because TPN serves as an excellent culture medium for bacteria, tubing must be changed every 24 hours to maintain sterility. Daily weights are essential to monitor fluid status and evaluate the client's nutritional response. An infusion pump is required to ensure precise delivery rates and prevent fluid overload.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常執行 TPN 混合確認；台灣醫院多由藥師配置，護理師負責執行給藥與監測。