— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位嗜中性白血球低下並發燒的病人。哪項護理措施對預防感染至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a neutropenic fever. Which nursing intervention is essential to prevent infection in this client?
- AEnsure the client receives a low-microbial diet✓ 正解確保病人接受低微生物飲食
- BLimit visitors to family members only僅限家屬探視
- CEncourage the client to use a humidifier in the room鼓勵病人在房間使用加濕器
- DMaintain a strict intake and output record維持嚴格的出入量紀錄
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球低下病人（Neutropenic）免疫力極弱，需實行保護性隔離。低微生物飲食（避開生食、未洗淨蔬果）可防止腸胃道引入病原菌。B（限制家人）雖有幫助，但非絕對性，應限制所有探病者；D（加濕器）易滋生細菌，應禁止。
Neutropenic patients have severely compromised immunity and require protective isolation. A low-microbial diet (avoiding raw foods and unwashed fruits and vegetables) prevents the introduction of pathogens through the gastrointestinal tract. Option B (restricting family visits) is helpful but not absolute; all visitors should be limited. Option C (humidifier) easily harbors bacteria and should be prohibited.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床上「保護隔離」時，護理師常要求病人戴口罩並嚴格限制鮮花植栽，與美國標準一致。