— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
在優先順序護理評估中，哪位病人的情況需要護理師立即介入？
When prioritizing care, which client situation requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
- AA client with an IV site showing redness and warmth靜脈穿刺處呈現紅腫溫熱的個案
- BA client with a fever of 101.2°F (38.4°C) after surgery術後發燒攝氏38.4度（華氏101.2度）的個案
- CA client in a room with a malfunctioning negative pressure system✓ 正解處於負壓系統故障房間內的個案
- DA client demanding pain medication 30 minutes early提前30分鐘要求止痛藥的個案
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
空氣傳播防護的病人需要負壓環境來確保病原體不擴散至公共區域。若負壓系統故障，等於隔離失效，這會危及全單位的人員安全，屬於系統性危害，優先級高於個別病人的症狀處置。AB 為臨床常見但非立即危險，D 為病人需求溝通。
A malfunctioning negative pressure system in an airborne isolation room poses an immediate systemic threat to unit safety by allowing pathogens to escape into common areas. This equipment failure takes priority over individual clinical issues like phlebitis, postoperative fever, or pain management requests. Ensuring containment integrity is critical to preventing potential outbreaks among staff and other patients.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國極度重視 isolation 規範的合規性（Joint Commission）；台灣護理師亦重視，但對於硬體故障的通報流程可能較為繁瑣。