— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師在社區進行皮膚癌一級預防衛教，應強調下列哪項重點？
The nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of skin cancer. Which statement should the nurse emphasize?
- APerform monthly skin self-examinations每月進行皮膚自我檢查
- BSchedule annual dermatological visits安排年度皮膚科門診
- CApply sunscreen with at least SPF 30 daily✓ 正解每日塗抹至少 SPF 30 的防曬乳
- DAvoid sun exposure entirely between 10 AM and 4 PM完全避免上午十點至下午四點的陽光曝曬
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
一級預防旨在防止疾病發生。每日使用 SPF 30 以上的防曬乳能有效隔離紫外線，減少細胞 DNA 受損。A 和 B 屬於二級預防（篩檢與早期發現），D 雖有建議但實務上難以完全避開該時段，故防曬乳為最具可行性的一級預防策略。
Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of disease. Daily use of sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher effectively blocks ultraviolet rays and reduces DNA damage to cells. Options A and B belong to secondary prevention (screening and early detection); option D, although recommended, is in practice difficult to fully avoid during peak hours, so sunscreen is the most feasible primary prevention strategy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣民眾對防曬意識多停留在美白，護理師需強調防癌的健康觀念。