— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病患被診斷為低血鉀，護理師預期在心電圖中看到什麼變化？
A client is diagnosed with hypokalemia. Which ECG change should the nurse expect to see?
- ATall, peaked T waves高大、尖峰的 T 波
- BProminent U waves✓ 正解顯著的 U 波
- CWide QRS complex寬闊的 QRS 複合波
- DShortened QT interval縮短的 QT 間期
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鉀（Hypokalemia）會導致心肌細胞再極化（Repolarization）延遲。在心電圖（ECG）上的典型表現為 T 波平坦或倒置，以及出現明顯的 U 波（U wave），這通常發生在 T 波之後。其他選項皆為其他電解質異常的特徵：尖峰 T 波（Tall, peaked T waves）是高血鉀的典型表現；QRS 波增寬常見於高血鉀或心室傳導阻滯；QT 間期縮短通常與高血鈣有關。
Hypokalemia delays repolarization of cardiac cells. The typical ECG findings include flattened or inverted T waves and prominent U waves, which usually follow the T wave. The other options are characteristic of different electrolyte abnormalities: tall, peaked T waves are typical of hyperkalemia; wide QRS complexes are commonly seen in hyperkalemia or intraventricular conduction block; and a shortened QT interval is generally associated with hypercalcemia.