一位 28 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸、出汗及瀕死感。護理師應優先採取何種措施？
A 28-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the clinic reporting heart palpitations, sweating, and a feeling of impending doom. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AAdminister an as-needed benzodiazepine給予處方標示「需要時」給予之苯二氮平類藥物
- BPerform a comprehensive physical assessment執行全面性的身體評估
- CInstruct the client to breathe deeply and slowly✓ 正解指示個案進行深而緩慢的呼吸
- DEncourage the client to express their feelings鼓勵個案表達其感受
面對急性焦慮發作（Panic attack），病人的呼吸頻率通常會過快，導致過度換氣（Hyperventilation），引發二氧化碳排出過多、呼吸性鹼中毒及更嚴重的生理不適，進而加劇恐懼感。護理師應優先引導病人進行腹式深呼吸，透過物理性調節呼吸頻率來穩定自主神經系統，這是緩解生理與心理症狀最快速有效的介入措施。
During an acute panic attack, the client's respiratory rate is often too rapid, leading to hyperventilation, excessive carbon dioxide loss, respiratory alkalosis, and more severe physical discomfort, which further intensifies fear. The nurse should first guide the client through slow, deep abdominal breathing; physically regulating respiratory rate stabilizes the autonomic nervous system and is the fastest and most effective intervention for relieving both physiological and psychological symptoms.