— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師給予病人 Phenytoin（抗癲癇藥）。下列哪項病人指導是必要的？
A nurse is administering a dose of phenytoin. Which client education is essential?
- ATake the drug with antacids與制酸劑一起服用此藥物
- BBrush and floss teeth daily✓ 正解每天刷牙並使用牙線
- CStop taking the drug if a rash appears如果出現皮疹，請停止服用此藥物
- DIncrease intake of vitamin C增加維生素 C 的攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 常見的副作用之一是「牙齦增生」（Gingival Hyperplasia）。為了減少此副作用對口腔健康的影響，病人必須加強每日的口腔衛生，包括刷牙與使用牙線。其他選項如制酸劑會干擾吸收，自行停藥亦會誘發癲癇重積狀態。
One of the common side effects of phenytoin is gingival hyperplasia. To minimize the oral-health impact of this side effect, the client must intensify daily oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing. Other options are inappropriate: antacids interfere with phenytoin absorption, and abruptly stopping the medication can precipitate status epilepticus.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對抗癲癇藥物衛教一致，皆強調口腔衛生與不可擅自停藥，美國有較多由藥師參與的服藥遵循度監測。