— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備對病人給予 Gentamicin（慶大黴素）。為了預防毒性，治療前與過程中需進行哪些評估？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer Gentamicin to a client. Which nursing assessments are essential before and during therapy to prevent toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor peak and trough blood levels✓ 正解監測血液中的峰值與谷值濃度
- BAssess for changes in hearing or balance✓ 正解評估聽力或平衡感的變化
- CMonitor serum creatinine levels✓ 正解監測血清肌酸酐水平
- DObserve for signs of hyperkalemia觀察高血鉀症的跡象
- ECheck for visual disturbances檢查是否有視覺障礙
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Gentamicin 屬於胺基糖苷類抗生素，具備耳毒性（Ototoxicity）與腎毒性（Nephrotoxicity）。臨床需密切監測腎功能指標（如肌酸酐）、偵測耳部副作用（暈眩、聽力喪失），並定期抽血監測波峰與波谷濃度，以確保劑量在治療範圍內。
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that carries the risks of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Clinically, it is necessary to closely monitor renal function indicators (such as creatinine), assess for otologic adverse effects (vertigo, hearing loss), and periodically draw blood to monitor peak and trough levels to ensure that doses remain within the therapeutic range.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院常見 Pharmacy 主導藥物濃度監測；台灣多由醫師開單，藥師協助判讀，護理師負責採樣時間管理。