— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師向社區團體教導如何預防高齡者皮膚損傷。應包含哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community group about preventing skin damage in older adults. Which measures should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply moisturizer daily to prevent dryness.✓ 正解每天塗抹潤膚劑以預防乾燥。
- BAvoid harsh soaps that strip natural oils.✓ 正解避免使用會去除天然油脂的刺激性肥皂。
- CShower in hot water twice daily.每天兩次用熱水洗澡。
- DUse sunscreen when going outdoors.✓ 正解外出時使用防曬乳。
- EAvoid using any clothing during daytime.白天避免穿著任何衣物。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高齡者皮膚較薄且皮脂分泌減少，易乾癢破損。每日使用保濕乳液（A）與避免過強肥皂（B）可維持屏障功能。防曬（D）則預防光老化與癌症。C 錯誤：過熱水溫會洗去油脂導致乾裂；E 錯誤：衣服能保護皮膚免受機械性損傷。
Older adults have thinner skin and decreased sebum production, making the skin prone to dryness, pruritus, and breakdown. Daily application of moisturizer (A) and avoidance of harsh soaps (B) help maintain the skin barrier. Sunscreen (D) prevents photoaging and skin cancer. Option C is incorrect: water that is too hot strips away natural oils and leads to dryness and cracking. Option E is incorrect: clothing protects the skin from mechanical injury.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無顯著臨床差異，兩地皮膚科衛教皆強調減少過度清潔與加強保濕。