一位接受經尿道前列腺切除術（TURP）並進行連續膀胱沖洗（CBI）的病人，護理師觀察到引流液轉為鮮紅色並含有濃稠血塊。護理師應優先採取哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse notes that the drainage has turned bright red and contains thick clots. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ANotify the surgeon immediately立即通知外科醫師
- BIncrease the flow rate of the CBI增加連續膀胱沖洗（CBI）的流速
- CManually irrigate the catheter✓ 正解手動沖洗導尿管
- DAdminister an ordered analgesic給予處方止痛藥
TURP 術後出現鮮紅色引流液且帶有血塊，首要任務是維持引流管通暢，避免膀胱血塊填塞導致膀胱痙攣與出血。手動沖洗是清除阻塞最直接且有效的護理處置。若沖洗無效，後續才考慮聯繫醫師調整引流速度或進行藥物止血。
Bright red drainage with thick clots after a TURP requires that the nurse first maintain catheter patency to prevent clot retention in the bladder, which leads to bladder spasm and bleeding. Manual irrigation is the most direct and effective nursing intervention to relieve the obstruction. If manual irrigation is unsuccessful, the surgeon should then be contacted to adjust the CBI rate or for pharmacologic management of bleeding.
美台臨床皆視手動沖洗為護理常規，但美國護理師常依書面 protocol 自行執行，台灣多會先向醫師確認後再執行。