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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師準備給藥,下列哪些藥物處方在給藥前應先與醫師確認?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is preparing to administer several medications to a client. Which medications should the nurse clarify with the physician before administration? (Select all that apply.)

  • AFurosemide 40 mg PO for a client with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L✓ 正解
    血鉀濃度為 2.8 mEq/L 之病人,給予 40 mg Furosemide 口服
  • BDigoxin 0.125 mg PO for a client with an apical pulse of 52 bpm✓ 正解
    心尖脈搏為 52 bpm 之病人,給予 0.125 mg Digoxin 口服
  • CMetoprolol 25 mg PO for a client with a blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg
    血壓為 110/70 mmHg 之病人,給予 25 mg Metoprolol 口服
  • DMorphine 2 mg IV push for a client with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min✓ 正解
    呼吸頻率為 10 次/分 之病人,給予 2 mg Morphine 靜脈推注
  • EAtorvastatin 20 mg PO at bedtime for a client with hyperlipidemia
    患有高血脂之病人,睡前給予 20 mg Atorvastatin 口服
Explanation · 中文詳解

護理師的臨床判斷需包含藥物安全評估。低血鉀者給予利尿劑恐加重電解質紊亂;心跳過慢(小於 60 bpm)者使用強心藥有風險;呼吸過慢(小於 12 bpm)者給予嗎啡會導致呼吸抑制。C 與 E 為適當處方,無需特別暫停或詢問。

Nursing clinical judgment must include medication safety assessment. Administering a diuretic to a client with hypokalemia may worsen electrolyte imbalance; administering a cardiotonic agent to a client with bradycardia (less than 60 bpm) is risky; and administering morphine to a client with a slow respiratory rate (less than 12 bpm) can cause respiratory depression. Options C and E are appropriate prescriptions that do not require holding or clarification.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台灣醫院常有嚴格的給藥前生命徵象標準(如心跳 <60 暫停 Digoxin),美國則更強調護理師根據病人臨床症狀進行決策。

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