護理師教導病人自行皮下注射依諾肝素（Enoxaparin）。哪項指導是正確的？
A nurse is teaching a patient about self-administration of subcutaneous enoxaparin. Which instruction is correct?
- AAspirate for blood return before injecting the medication注射前抽吸以確認有回血
- BInject into the abdomen at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus✓ 正解在距離臍部至少 2 英吋處的腹部注射
- CExpel the air bubble from the pre-filled syringe before injection注射前從預充式針筒中排出氣泡
- DRub the injection site vigorously after administration to promote absorption給藥後用力揉搓注射部位以促進吸收
Enoxaparin（低分子量肝素）是抗凝血劑，皮下注射時須遵循特定技術以降低出血及瘀傷風險。注射部位應選擇腹部，避開肚臍周圍 2 英吋區域。預充式針筒中的氣泡是為了確保藥物完全推入，不可排出。注射後絕對不可揉擦部位，因為揉擦會導致皮下微血管破裂，加重瘀傷。此外，由於此藥為皮下注射，不需要像肌肉注射般進行反抽（Aspiration），以避免組織損傷。
Enoxaparin (a low-molecular-weight heparin) is an anticoagulant; specific technique must be followed during subcutaneous injection to reduce bleeding and bruising risk. The injection site should be the abdomen, avoiding a 2-inch area around the umbilicus. The air bubble in the prefilled syringe is intended to ensure the full dose is delivered and should not be expelled. The site must absolutely not be rubbed after injection, as this can rupture subcutaneous capillaries and worsen bruising. In addition, because this is a subcutaneous injection, aspiration (as for intramuscular injection) is unnecessary and avoids tissue trauma.