護理師照護一位中風後臥床的病人。下列哪項護理措施對預防壓瘡最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is immobile following a stroke. Which intervention is most effective in preventing pressure injuries?
- AReposition the client every two hours✓ 正解每兩小時為病人翻身
- BUse a doughnut-shaped cushion for comfort使用甜甜圈形狀的坐墊以增加舒適度
- CMassage the reddened areas on the skin按摩皮膚發紅區域
- DApply lotion to bony prominences twice daily每天兩次在骨骼突出處塗抹乳液
預防壓瘡的核心原則是減輕組織受壓時間。每兩小時翻身可確保受壓部位獲得血液灌流，避免缺血壞死。不建議按摩紅斑區，因為會損害皮下脆弱組織；甜甜圈墊會限制血液循環，導致組織缺氧；乳液雖可保濕但無法取代翻身的減壓效果。
The core principle of pressure injury prevention is to reduce the duration of tissue pressure. Repositioning every two hours ensures perfusion of pressure-bearing areas and prevents ischemic necrosis. Massaging erythematous areas is not recommended because it can damage fragile subcutaneous tissue; doughnut-shaped cushions restrict circulation and lead to tissue hypoxia; and although lotion may help with moisture, it cannot replace the pressure-relieving effect of repositioning.
美國護理重視翻身鐘（Turning clock），台灣則常配合翻身擺位枕使用，兩者均強調減壓原則。