— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
一位慢性背痛的病人詢問關於熱敷或冷敷的運用。下列哪項指導正確？
A client with chronic back pain asks about using heat or cold therapy. Which instruction is accurate?
- AApply ice directly to the skin for 30 minutes將冰塊直接敷在皮膚上 30 分鐘
- BApply cold therapy to decrease pain by increasing blood flow透過增加血流來施加冷療以減輕疼痛
- CUse heat therapy for the first 24 hours after injury在受傷後的前 24 小時使用熱療
- DUse heat therapy to promote muscle relaxation for chronic pain✓ 正解使用熱療來促進肌肉放鬆以緩解慢性疼痛
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
慢性疼痛常伴隨肌肉僵硬，熱敷可透過擴張血管、改善循環及放鬆肌肉來緩解不適。冷敷通常用於急性損傷（前 24-48 小時）以減少發炎腫脹；直接冰敷皮膚容易造成凍傷，需有保護層；冷敷是透過血管收縮減少發炎及傳導阻斷來止痛，而非增加血流。
Heat therapy is appropriate for chronic back pain because it promotes vasodilation, increases blood flow, and relaxes stiff muscles. Cold therapy is reserved for acute injuries to reduce inflammation, and ice should never be applied directly to the skin to avoid frostbite.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣民眾習慣去中醫診所進行熱敷電療，美國病人更依賴居家物理治療運動計畫。