護理師照護髖關節置換術後病人，應採取哪些措施以預防深部靜脈血栓（DVT）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which actions should the nurse include to prevent DVT? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解應用順序加壓裝置（SCDs）
- BEncourage early ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動
- CMassage the lower extremities to improve circulation按摩下肢以促進循環
- DAdminister prophylactic anticoagulants✓ 正解給予預防性抗凝血劑
- EPlace a pillow under the knees to promote comfort在膝蓋下方放置枕頭以增加舒適感
髖關節置換術後預防深部靜脈血栓（DVT）的核心在於維持血液動力學穩定與促進靜脈回流。早期下床（early ambulation）能利用肌肉幫浦作用促進血液循環；SCDs 可透過機械性壓力減少血液淤積；藥物預防（如抗凝血劑）則能降低血栓形成風險。按摩下肢則嚴格禁止，因可能導致已形成的血栓脫落，造成致命的肺栓塞（PE）。
The core of preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after hip arthroplasty is to maintain hemodynamic stability and promote venous return. Early ambulation uses the muscle pump action to promote circulation; sequential compression devices (SCDs) reduce blood stasis through mechanical pressure; and pharmacologic prophylaxis (such as anticoagulants) decreases the risk of clot formation. Massaging the lower extremities is strictly prohibited, as it can dislodge any existing clot and cause fatal pulmonary embolism (PE).