— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
護理師監測甲狀腺切除術後病患，下列哪些徵象應立即回報？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is monitoring a client recovering from a thyroidectomy. Which signs should be reported immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- ATingling sensations in the fingers and toes✓ 正解手指與腳趾有刺痛感
- BPositive Chvostek's sign✓ 正解Chvostek 徵象陽性
- CHoarseness when speaking說話時聲音沙啞
- DInability to swallow soft foods無法吞嚥軟質食物
- EMuscle tetany✓ 正解肌肉痙攣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺切除術後，最嚴重的術後併發症之一是副甲狀腺機能低下（Hypoparathyroidism），通常源於術中誤傷或血流供應受損。低血鈣（Hypocalcemia）會導致神經肌肉激躁，若未即時發現，可能進展至喉頭痙攣（Laryngospasm）甚至呼吸道阻塞。護理師需監測 Trousseau's sign 及 Chvostek's sign 等低鈣表徵。
After thyroidectomy, one of the most serious postoperative complications is hypoparathyroidism, usually resulting from inadvertent injury or compromised blood supply to the parathyroid glands during surgery. Hypocalcemia leads to neuromuscular irritability, and if not detected promptly, may progress to laryngospasm and even airway obstruction. The nurse should monitor for hypocalcemic signs such as Trousseau's sign and Chvostek's sign.