— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師評估疑似闌尾炎的病患，哪些症狀具有典型性？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is assessing a client with suspected appendicitis. Which symptoms are characteristic? (Select all that apply.)
- ARight lower quadrant pain✓ 正解右下腹疼痛
- BRebound tenderness✓ 正解反跳痛
- CLow-grade fever✓ 正解低度發燒
- DHyperactive bowel sounds腸鳴音亢進
- ENausea and vomiting✓ 正解噁心與嘔吐
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
闌尾炎（appendicitis）的臨床診斷主要依據典型的腹痛轉移模式與腹膜刺激徵象。疼痛通常起初位於上腹或臍周，隨後轉移至右下腹（McBurney's point）。反跳痛（rebound tenderness）代表腹膜發炎，噁心嘔吐則為常見伴隨症狀。低度發燒是身體發炎反應。腸蠕動音在闌尾炎後期常因腹膜發炎引發麻痺性腸阻塞而減弱，而非活躍。
Characteristic symptoms of appendicitis include right lower quadrant pain, rebound tenderness indicating peritoneal irritation, low-grade fever, and nausea with vomiting. Bowel sounds are typically hypoactive or absent rather than hyperactive due to potential ileus from inflammation. The pain often migrates from the periumbilical area to McBurney's point.