— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪項臨床徵象是低血容性休克（hypovolemic shock）病人的典型特徵？
Which of the following clinical signs is characteristic of a client experiencing hypovolemic shock?
- ATachycardia and hypotension✓ 正解心跳過速和低血壓
- BBradycardia and hypertension心跳過緩和高血压
- CBounding peripheral pulses周邊脈搏強而有力
- DWarm, flushed skin皮膚溫暖且潮紅
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血容性休克發生時，心臟為維持心輸出量會產生代償性心跳過速（Tachycardia），隨失血量增加與代償失敗，病人會出現低血壓（Hypotension）。皮膚通常會呈現濕冷（Cold, clammy）而非溫暖，脈搏則呈現細弱而非跳躍（Bounding）。
In hypovolemic shock, the heart compensates to maintain cardiac output by producing compensatory tachycardia; as blood loss progresses and compensation fails, hypotension develops. The skin is typically cold and clammy rather than warm, and the pulse becomes weak and thready rather than bounding.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對休克徵象評估標準一致，強調「黃金時刻」的生命徵象監測。