護理師在審視新處方西地那非（Sildenafil，威而鋼）病人的用藥史。下列哪些藥物會使護理師需要通知醫師？（選所有適合的）
The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client with a new prescription for sildenafil. Which medications would require the nurse to notify the healthcare provider? (Select all that apply.)
- AIsosorbide mononitrate✓ 正解Isosorbide mononitrate（單硝酸異山梨酯）
- BLisinoprilLisinopril（賴諾普利）
- CNitroglycerin✓ 正解Nitroglycerin（硝化甘油）
- DMetforminMetformin（二甲雙胍）
- EAtorvastatinAtorvastatin（阿托伐他汀）
Sildenafil（PDE5 抑制劑）與任何形式的硝酸鹽類藥物（Nitrates，如 Isosorbide 或 Nitroglycerin）絕對禁忌併用。兩者併用會導致嚴重且致命的低血壓。Lisinopril（ACEI）、Metformin（降血糖）及 Atorvastatin（降血脂）不在此絕對禁忌清單內。
Sildenafil (a PDE5 inhibitor) is absolutely contraindicated with any form of nitrate medication (e.g., isosorbide or nitroglycerin). Concurrent use can result in severe and potentially fatal hypotension. Lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor), metformin (an antihyperglycemic), and atorvastatin (a lipid-lowering agent) are not on this absolute contraindication list.
台美對此禁忌的規範一致。在美國 NCLEX 中，這是一個常見的安全考點，強調藥物間的嚴重相互作用。